Fig 1: Cardiac specific OE of Metrnl attenuates cardiac injury and dysfunction in T1D mice. (A) Schematic illustration showing the treatment in mice. (B) LV EF and FS were quantified. (C) Representative photographs of the myocardium with H&E staining (Scale bar = 100 μm). (D) Representative photographs of the myocardium with WGA staining (Scale bar = 50 μm). (E) Relative mRNA levels of ANP, BNP, and β-MHC. (F) Relative collagen volume in left ventricular tissues. (G) Relative value of DHE staining fluorescence density. (H) Relative value of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. (I) Representative photographs of the myocardium with Sirus red staining. (Scale bar = 100 μm). (J) Representative photographs of the myocardium with DHE staining. (Scale bar = 200 μm). (K) Representative photographs of the myocardium with TUNEL staining. (Scale bar = 100 μm). (L) Relative mRNA levels of α-SMA and collagen I. (M) Relative mRNA levels of p47phox and p67phox. (N) Relative mRNA level of Bax and Bcl-2. n = 4–6. *P < 0.05 versus Control (Con), †P < 0.05 versus T1D. ANOVA (A-N). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Fig 2: Metrnl activates the ULK1/autophagy signaling in cardiomyocytes. (A) Effects of Metrnl on HG-induced downregulation of phosphorylated ULK1. (B) Effects of Metrnl shRNA on HG-induced downregulation of phosphorylated ULK1. (C) Effects of Metrnl on the mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes. (D) Effects of Metrnl on the formation of autophagosome as assessed by LC3 dots. Scale bar = 20 μm. (E) Effects of Metrnl on the protein expressions of p62 and LC3. (F) Effects of Metrnl shRNA on the formation of autophagosome as assessed by LC3 dots. Scale bar = 20 μm. (G) Effects of Metrnl shRNA on the protein expressions of p62 and LC3. n = 4. *P < 0.05 versus NG, Con, Con shRNA, †P < 0.05 versus HG or HG + Con shRNA.
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